Parent child relationships of zspheres are …tricky…especially when rotation is involved and you have a complex association. What I’d do, and have done in your situation is bite the bullet and recreate the rig, this time paying tediously close attention to each and every click I make while creating the rig. All it takes is one misclick to get your connection backwards from the direction you thought it was going in to ruin the whole thing, and figuring out and repairing whichever one it was, is not easy since it’s a chain reaction sort of thing.
If you’ve got a child zsphere of a parent somewhere else other than directly connected to it, all sorts of things can go wrong. The way to find out what’s what is to pay attention to the colors of the cones when you click directly on a zsphere to select it you’ll see the associated child/parents and that’s all easy enough however. You’re going to run into problems if one of your zspheres is rotated in a weird way during creation/placement as well which is hard to see. There’s this little light grey area and dark grey area on each zsphere that show you the orientation of the zsphere and any connecting chains will follow the twist from one to the next based on the orientation of each zsphere in that local chain so if one is slightly twisted you’ll get another chain reaction down the line, causing unpredicatble results.
In my experience it’s just faster to start over when things go to hell like this honestly. Again paying really close attention and being mindful of exactly what you’re doing with each zsphere placement, and paying close attention to your clicking because all it takes is a single misclick to ruin your day. For best results don’t be in the habit of drawing out a zsphere directly from another sphere one by one and then dragging the chain out, it’s better to draw one out and stretch it as far as you can go from end to end of the model and then add additional “joints” by clicking along that created long chain, and then manipulating them. Less variables this way as you’ve only got that one at the start of the chain and one at the end of the chain to be worried about as far as your overall rotation goes along the whole thing. And then each one you place after that, along that chain, will just inherit the relationship of those first two. Not easy to express this in words that’s as good as I’ve got.
Just pour yourself a stiff coffee and be wide awake while doing this and aim for a better rig next go instead of slogging through fixing this one honestly is my recommendation, it’s really difficult to get out of this particular jam when you’re in it.
And I’ll add maybe the most important thing here is to know, in case you didn’t, that by holding alt and ctrl during rotation of each zsphere during posing you’re going to affect the chain differently, globally and locally. It’s been a good long while since I’ve rigged a full figure, at least a year so I don’t remember exactly which modifier does what but you’ll need to play with ctrl and alt during rotation and movement to get your tuning just right.
