It’s never quite that simple. Any scaling you do to the texture tends to affect the entire scale of the texture, which wont guarantee that it will align to any UVs (which might have offset coordinates, non-uniform scaling, etc).
Generally when you’re working with images its better to do so in a program designed around image editing, like Photoshop. That way you could load up an image of the stamped UVs, create a layer for whatever texture you using, and then have a plethora of options to scale whatever you want however you want.
In Zbrush you could perhaps give the cylinder a temporary texture (new from polypaint), use Tool: UVMap: Morph UVs to flatten it, then hit G to drop it with Projection Master. Draw out the texture image on top with a dragrect stroke type (simple brush), then switch to Scale to try to figure out the gizmo so that you can scale the stroke to fit the flattened model. Once done if you hit G to pick the model back up from projection master then it should have an updated texture, and you can unflatten the model.